Hewan-Hewan dengan Racun Mematikan

Racun adalah senjata biologis bagi hewan untuk mencari makanan dan/atau melindungi diri dari predator .. Manusia sejak dulu mencoba memanfaatkan dan meniru mekanisme alam ini dengan pembuatan senjata biologis, tapi sering sangat keterlaluan ...

Hati2lah karena kadang kecemerlangan warna pada hewan menandakan hewan tersebut beracun dalam bahasa binatang, sedangkan dalam bhs manusia cemerlangnya warna itu berarti sangat indah dan bersahabat. Inilah kadang yg menjadi miskomunikasi antara manusia dan hewan .. wakakakaka


Inilah hewan2 yg sangat beracun di dunia ..
 
 
 
Box Jellyfish
The top prize for �The World Most Venomous Animal,� would go to the Box Jellyfish. It has caused at least 5,567 recorded deaths since 1954. Their venom is among the most deadly in the world. It�s toxins attack the heart, nervous system, and skin cells. And the worst part of it is that jelly box venom is so overpoweringly painful, that human victims go in shock, drown or die of heart failure before even reaching shore. Survivors experience pain weeks after the contact with box jellies.

You have virtually no chance to survive the venomous sting, unless treated immediately. After a sting, vinegar should be applied for a minimum of 30 seconds. Vinegar has acetic acid, which disables the box jelly�s nematocysts that have not yet discharged into the bloodstream (though it will not alleviate the pain). Wearing panty hose while swimming is also a good prevention measure since it can prevent jellies from being able to harm your legs. Jelly box can be found in the waters around Asia and Australia.



King Cobra
The King Cobra (Ophiophagus hannah) is the world�s longest venomous snake � growing up to 5.6 m (18.5 ft) in length. Ophiophagus, literally means �snake-eater� as it eats other snakes. One single bite of this deadly snake can easily kill a human. This snake is even capable of killing a full-grown Asian Elephant within 3 hours if the larger animal is bitten in a vulnerable area such as the trunk.

It�s venom is not as toxic as other venomous snakes, but King Cobra is capable of injecting 5 times more venom than black mamba and can result in mortality up to 5 times faster than that of the black mamba. It is quite widespread, ranging across South and South-east Asia, living in dense highland forests.



Marbled Cone Snail
 This little beautiful looking Marbled Cone snail can be as deadly as any other animal on this list. One drop of its venom is so powerful that it can kill more than 20 humans. If you ever happen to be in warm salt water environment (where these snails are often found) and see it, don�t even think of picking it up. Of course, the true purpose of its venom is to catch its prey.

Symptoms of a cone snail sting can start immediately or can be delayed in onset for days. It results in intense pain, swelling, numbness and tingling. Severe cases involve muscle paralysis, vision changes and breathing failure. There is no antivenom. However, only about 30 human deaths have been recorded from cone snail envenomation.
 
 
 
Blue-Ringed Octopus
The Blue-Ringed Octopus is very small, only the size of a golf ball, but its venom is so powerful that can kill a human. Actually it carries enough poison to kill 26 adult humans within minutes, and there is no antidote. They are currently recognized as one of the world�s most venomous animals.

Its painless bite may seem harmless, but the deadly neurotoxins begin working immediately resulting in muscular weakness, numbness, followed by a cessation and breathing and ultimately death. They can be found in tide pools in the Pacific Ocean, from Japan to Australia.



Death Stalker Scorpion
 Contrarily to the popular belief most of the scorpions are relatively harmless to humans as stings produce only local effects (pain, numbness or swelling). However, the Death Starker Scorpion is highly dangerous species because its venom is a powerful cocktail of neurotoxins which causes an intense and unbearable pain, then fever, followed by coma, convulsions, paralysis and death. Fortunately, while a sting from this scorpion is extremely painful, it would be unlikely to kill a healthy, adult human. Young children, the old, or infirm (with a heart condition) are at the biggest risk. Death stalker scorpions are spread in North Africa and Middle East.
 
 
 
Stone Fish
Maybe Stonefish would never win a beauty contest, but it would definitely win the top prize for being �The World Most Venomous Fish�. Its venom causes such a severe pain that the victims of its sting want the affected limb to be amputated. It is described as the worst pain known to man. It is accompanied with possible shock, paralysis, and tissue death. If not given medical attention within a couple of hours It can be fatal to humans. Stonefish stores its toxins in gruesome-looking spines that are designed to hurt would-be predators. Stonefish mostly live above the tropic of Capricorn, often found in the shallow tropical marine waters of the Pacific and Indian oceans, ranging from the Red Sea to the Queensland Great Barrier Reef.



The Brazilian wandering spider
The Brazilian Wandering Spider (Phoneutria) or banana spider appears in the Guinness Book of World Records 2007 for the most venomous spider and is the spider responsible for most human deaths.

This spider is believed to have the most potent neurotoxic venom of any living spider. Only 0.006mg (0.00000021oz) is sufficient to kill a mouse. They are also so dangerous because of their wandering nature. They often hide during daytime in highly populated areas inside houses, clothes, boots, and cars.

Its venomous bite causes not only intense pain, the venom of the spider can also cause priapism � uncomfortable erections lasting for many hours that lead to impotence.
 
 
 
Inland Taipan 
The prize for �The World�s Most Venomous Snake� goes to the Inland Taipan of Australia. Just a single bite from this snake contains enough venom to kill 100 human adults or an army of 250,000 mice. Its venom is at least 200 � 400 times more toxic than a common cobra. The Inland Taiwan�s extremely neurotoxic venom can kill an adult human in as little as 45 minutes. Fortunately this snake is very shy and there have been no documented human fatalities (all known bites were treated with antivenin).
 
 
 
Poison Dart Frog 
If you ever happen to be running through the rain forests somewhere in Central or South America, do not ever pick up beautiful and colorful frogs � it can be the Poison Dart Frog. This frog is probably the most poisonous animal on earth.The 2 inch long (5cm) golden poison dart frog has enough venom to kill 10 adult humans or 20,000 mice. Only 2 micrograms of this lethal toxin (the amount that fits on the head of a pin) is capable of killing a human or other large mammal. They are called �dart frogs� because indigenous Amerindians� use of their toxic secretions to poison the tips of their blow-darts. Poison dart frogs keep their poison in their skins and will sicken or kill anybody who touches or eats it.
 
 
 
Puffer Fish 
Puffer Fish are the second most poisonous vertebrate on earth (the first one is golden dart Frog). The meat of some species is a delicacy in both Japan (as fugu) and Korea (as bok-uh) but the problem is that the skin and certain organs of many puffer fish are very poisonous to humans.

This puffy fish produce rapid and violent death..Puffer�s poisoning causes deadening of the tongue and lips, dizziness, vomiting, rapid heart rate, difficulty breathing, and muscle paralysis. Victims die from suffocation as diaphragm muscles are paralyzed. Most of the victims die after four to 24 hours. There is no known antidote, Most deaths from fugu happen when untrained people catch and prepare the fish.

Statistics show that there were 20 to 44 incidents of fugu poisoning per year between 1996 and 2006 in all of Japan and up to six incidents per year led to death. Since Fugu�s poison can cause near instantaneous death, only licensed chefs are allowed to prepare it.
 
 
 
 

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Man Made Big Holes

Selain lubang-lubang yang dibuat oleh alam yaitu meteor dipostingan sebelumnya, bumi juga memiliki lubang-lubang besar yang dibuat oleh manusia dan diantaranya sangat-sangat besar atau raksasa sehingga dapat dilihat dari luar angkasa... tapi lubang-lubang ini dibuat rata-rata karena keserakahan ...


Telah nampak kerusakan di darat dan di laut disebabkan karena perbuatan tangan manusia, supaya Allah merasakan kepada mereka sebahagian dari (akibat) perbuatan mereka, agar mereka kembali (ke jalan yang benar). (QS 30:41)




1. Bingham Canyon Mine - Utah

Bingham Canyon Mine, juga dikenal sebagai Kennecott Copper Mine, adalah operasi penggalian penambangan deposit tembaga porfiri terbuka yang besar di barat daya dari Salt Lake City, Utah, Amerika Serikat, di Pegunungan Oquirrh. Ini adalah tambang galian terbuka terbesar di dunia. Tambang ini dimiliki oleh Rio Tinto Group, pertambangan internasional dan perusahaan eksplorasi yang bermarkas di Inggris.


Operasi penambangan tembaga di Bingham Canyon Mine dikelola melalui Kennecott Utah Copper Corporation yang mengoperasikan tambang, pabrik konsentrator, smelter, dan kilang. Tambang telah berproduksi sejak 1906, dan telah menghasilkan lubang sedalam lebih dari 0,6 mil (0,97 km),  lebar 2,5 mil (4 km), dan meliputi 1.900 hektar (770 ha). Lubang tambang ini ditetapkan sebagai National Historic Landmark pada tahun 1966 dengan nama Bingham Canyon Open Pit Copper Mine.


Pada pukul 21:30 tanggal 10 April 2013, terjadi longsor di tambang. Operasi pertambangan ditutup beberapa hari sebelumnya dalam mengantisipasi jatuhnya korban. Longsor besar diperkirakan akan menurunkan produksi tembaga ditambang sekitar 113 kilo ton.




2. Mirny Diamond Mine - Siberia

Tambang ini mempunyai kedalaman 525 meter dengan diameter 1200 meter, sekarang tambang ini sudah tidak beroperasi lagi, ketika tambang ini masih aktif dibutuhkan waktu perjalanan memakai truk selama 2 jam dari permukaan kedasarnya. seperti perjalanan jakarta-bandung. Dan daerah ini dinyatakan No Fly Zone Area sampai sekarang karena Down Draft dari lubang ini pernah menghisap helikopter ke bawah ...


Mir saya adalah tambang berlian pertama dan terbesar di Uni Soviet. Operasi Permukaannya berlangsung 44 tahun, akhirnya ditutup pada bulan Juni 2001. Setelah runtuhnya Uni Soviet. Pada tahun 1990-an, tambang dioperasikan oleh perusahaan berlian Sakha, yang melaporkan laba tahunan lebih dari $ 600 juta dari penjualan berlian.




3. Diavik Mine - Canada

Tambang yang luar biasa ini dapat ditemukan 300 km sebelah timur laut dari Yellowknife di Kanada. Sungguh menakjubkan bahwa air tidak membanjirinya. Tambang ini begitu besar dan di daerah yang begitu jauh dari mana-mana sehingga memiliki bandara sendiri dengan landasan yang cukup besar untuk menampung sebuah Boeing 737.


Daerah ini disurvei pada tahun 1992 dan konstruksi dimulai pada tahun 2001, dengan produksi dimulai pada Januari 2003. Dihubungkan oleh jalan es dengan Bandara Diavik yang memiliki landasan sepanjang5.235 ft (1.596 m)


Tambang ini dimiliki oleh perusahaan patungan antara  the Harry Winston Diamond Corporation dan Diavik Diamond Mines Inc., anak perusahaan Rio Tinto Group. Umur tambang diperkirakan akan 16 sampai 22 tahun. Tambang ini terletak sekitar 220 km (140 mil) selatan Lingkaran Arktik.




4. Grasberg atau dikenal sebagai Freeport

Perampokan besar-besaran harta dan kekayaan alam bangsa Indonesia dan masih terus berlangsung hingga kini. Keuntungan yang diperoleh Freeport jauh lebih besar daripada keuntungan Indonesia, dan keuntungan yang kecil itupun masih di korupsi oleh pejabat-pejabat negara....


Tambang Grasberg adalah tambang emas terbesar di dunia dan tambang tembaga ketiga terbesar di dunia. Tambang ini terletak di provinsi Papua di Indonesia dekat latitude -4,053 dan longitude 137,116, dan dimiliki oleh Freeport yang berbasis di AS(67.3%), Rio Tinto Group (13%), Pemerintah Indonesia (9.3%) dan PT Indocopper Investama Corporation (9%). Operator tambang ini adalah PT Freeport Indonesia (anak perusahaan dari Freeport McMoran Copper and Gold). Biaya membangun tambang di atas gunung sebesar 3 miliar dolar AS. Pada 2004, tambang ini diperkirakan memiliki cadangan 46 juta ons emas. Pada 2006 produksinya adalah 610.800 ton tembaga; 58.474.392 gram emas; dan 174.458.971 gram perak.


Geologis Belanda Jean-Jacquez Dozy mengunjungi Indonesia pada 1936 untuk menskala glasier Pegunungan Jayawijaya di provinsi Irian Jaya di Papua Barat. Dia membuat catatan di atas batu hitam yang aneh dengan warna kehijauan. Pada 1939, dia mengisi catatan tentang Ertsberg (bahasa Belanda untuk "gunung ore"). Namun, peristiwa Perang Dunia II menyebabkan laporan tersebut tidak diperhatikan. Dua puluh tahun kemudian, geologis Forbes Wilson, bekerja untuk perusahaan pertambangan Freeport, membaca laporan tersebut. Dia dalam tuga mencari cadangan nikel, tetapi kemudian melupakan hal tersebut setelah dia membaca laporan tersebut. Dia berhenti merokok dan melatih badannya untuk menyiapkan perjalanan untuk memeriksa Ertsberg. Ekspedisi yang dipimpin oleh Forbes Wilson dan Del Flint, menemukan deposit tembaga yang besar di Ertsberg pada 1960.


Penghasilan tembaga Grasberg meningkat dari 515.400 ton pada 2004 menjadi 793.000 ton pada 2005. Produksi emas meningkat dari 1,58 juta ons menjadi 3,55 juta ons.




5. Kimberley Big Hole - South Africa 

Kimberley (kota) adalah rumah dari De Beers Consolidated Diamond Mines, termasuk salah satu dari beberapa tambang berlian terkaya di dunia, dan masih dianggap sebagai ibukota industri berlian dunia. Sebagai pusat untuk demam berlian akhir abad 19, fondasinya mulai digali pada tahun 1871 ketika berlian ditemukan di sebuah bukit kecil yang disebut Colesberg Koppie.


Penggalian dimulai dan hanya beberapa bulan kemudian lebih dari 30 000 orang berdatangan dan ikut menggali untuk mencari berlian di area seluas 300m (980ft) kali 200m (660ft).


Area yang tadinya bukit, segera menjadi lobang yang dalam hingga mencapai kedalaman 1.100 meter (3.600 kaki) dan menjadikannya dikenal dengan nama 'Big Hole', sebuah lubang terbesar dan terdalam di dunia yang dibuat manusia tanpa peralatan berat. 28 juta ton tanah yang diangkut, menghasilkan 14,5 juta karat berlian.  Di sinilah berlian megah 83,5 karat yang kemudian dikenal dengan nama 'Star of Africa' ditemukan.




6. Chuquicamata, Chile
Chuquicamata, atau biasa disebut "Chuqui", adalah lubang tambang tembaga galian terbuka terbesar di dunia berdasarkan volume, yang terletak di utara Chile, dekat Calama, 215 km sebelah timur laut dari Antofagasta dan 1.240 km sebelah utara dari ibukota Chile, Santiago. Tambang ini dimiliki dan dioperasikan oleh Codelco, sebuah perusahaan negara Chili, karena nasionalisasi Chili terhadap tembaga pada akhir tahun 1960 dan awal tahun 1970. Kedalamannya mencapai 850 meter (2.790 kaki) menjadikannya tambang galian terbuka terdalam kedua di dunia (setelah Bingham Canyon Mine di Utah, USA).




7. Udachnaya Pipe, Rusia
Udachnaya pipe (Rusia: ?????? ???????) adalah deposit berlian di lahan Daldyn-Alakit kimberlite di Republik Sakha, Rusia. Ini adalah tambang galian lubang-terbuka, dan terletak tepat di luar lingkar Arktik. Udachnaya ditemukan pada tanggal 15 Juni 1955, hanya dua hari setelah penemuan berlian di Mirny oleh ahli geologi Soviet Vladimir Shchukin dan timnya. Tambang ini memiliki kedalaman lebih dari 600 meter (1.970 kaki), yang membuatnya menjadi tambang lubang-terbuka terdalam ketiga di dunia (setelah Bingham Canyon Mine dan Chuquicamata). Pemukiman terdekat dari tambang, Udachnya, dijadikan nama tambang. Hingga tahun 2010, Udachnaya pipe dikendalikan oleh perusahaan berlian Rusia Alrosa, yang merencanakan untuk menghentikan penambangan terbuka dan mengoperasikan penambangan bawah tanah di tahun yang sama.




8. Ekati Diamond Mine, Kanada

Ekati Diamond Mine ("Ekati") adalah tambang berlian terbuka dan tambang berlian bawah tanah pertama di Kanada. Terletak 310 km (190 mil) timurlaut dari Yellowknife, Northwest Territories, dan sekitar 200 km (120 mil) selatan dari lingkaran Arktik, dekat Lac de Gras.


Ekati merupakan perusahaan patungan antara Dominion Diamond Corporation (80%), dan dua ahli geologi yang menemukan kimberlite pipe utara dari Lac de Gras, Chuck Fipke dan Stewart Blusson masing-masing memegang 10% saham tambang.


Antara tahun 1998 dan 2009, tambang telah menghasilkan 40.000.000 karat (8.000 kg atau � 17.637) berlian dari enam lubang terbuka. Setelah bijih kadar tinggi dekat dengan permukaan sudah habis, penambangan dilanjutkan dengan menggunakan metode bawah tanah.




9. Super Pit, Australia

Fimiston Open Pit, bahasa sehari-hari dikenal sebagai Super Pit, adalah tambang emas terbuka yang terbesar di Australia. Super Pit terletak dari Goldfields Highway di tepi tenggara dari Kalgoorlie, Australia Barat.


Pit yang dalam berbentuk lonjong ini panjangnya sekitar 3,5 kilometer (2,2 mil), lebar 1,5 kilometer (0,9 mil) dan kedalaman 570 meter (1.870 kaki). Dan cukup besar untuk dilihat dari luar angkasa.


Super Pit dimiliki oleh Kalgoorlie Consolidated Gold Mines Pty Ltd, sebuah perusahaan yang dimiliki 50/50 oleh Barrick Gold Corporation dan Newmont Mining Corporation. Tambang ini menghasilkan 850.000 ons (28 ton) emas per tahun, dan mempekerjakan sekitar 550 karyawan langsung di situs.




10. Caraj�s Iron Ore Mine, Brazil

Tambang Caraj�s adalah tambang bijih besi terbesar di dunia. Terletak di negara bagian Par� di Pegunungan Caraj�s, Brasil Utara. Tambang ini dioperasikan sebagai tambang terbuka, dan diperkirakan mengandung sekitar 18 miliar ton bijih besi, ditambah emas, mangan, tembaga, dan nikel.


Tambang ini dijalankan oleh Companhia Vale do Rio Doce dan sebagian dimiliki oleh US Steel. Tambang ini didukung oleh sebagian besar pembangkit listrik tenaga air dari Bendungan Tucurui




BONUS:

Darvaza Gas Crater
Pada tahun 1971, ahli geologi rusia menemukan deposit gas alam bawah tanah yang besar di situs ini. Saat pengeboran dilakukan untuk mengambil gas, rig pengeboran ambruk meninggalkan lubang besar. Untuk mencegah gas beracun keluar, lubang diizinkan untuk dibakar dengan harapan gas akan cepat habis. Namun lubang ini terus terbakar sampai hari ini tanpa henti...
Baca selengkapnya disini



Dan bila dikatakan kepada mereka:"Janganlah kamu membuat kerusakan di muka bumi". Mereka menjawab: "Sesungguhnya kami orang-orang yang mengadakan perbaikan." Ingatlah, sesungguhnya mereka itulah orang-orang yang membuat kerusakan, tetapi mereka tidak sadar. (QS 2: 11-12)

Maha Benar Allah


Baca Juga:




Source: Wikipedia

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Kuil Para Firaun

Kuil mesir yg tertua yg ditemukan dibangun sekitar 4 ribu tahun sebelum masehi, sedangkan kuil yg paling baru adalah sekitar abad ke 6 masehi. Jadi tidaklah mengherankan kalau kuil2 di mesir ini mengandung berbagai macam struktur dan corak yang berbeda yg berevolusi selama rentang waktu yg cukup panjang.


Medinet Habu
 Located on the West Bank of Luxor, Medinet Habu is the Arabic name for a huge temple complex second only to Karnak in size and better preserved. Pharaohs Hatshepsut and Tutmosis III built a small temple dedicated to Amun on the site. Next to their temple, Ramesses III built his mortuary temple, Medinet Habu�s largest standing monument. Ramesses III then enclosed both structures within a massive mud-brick wall that included storehouses, workshops, and residences.



Temple of Kom Ombo
 Situated on a high dune overlooking the Nile, The Temple of Kom Ombo is an unusual double temple built during the Ptolemaic dynasty. The actual temple was started by Ptolemy VI Philometor in the early second century BC. The Temple of Kom Ombo is actually two temples and everything is duplicated along the main axis. There are two entrances, two courts, two colonades, two hypostyle halls and two sanctuaries.



Colossi of Memnon 
 Built around 1350 BC, The Colossi of Memnon are two massive stone statues depicting Pharaoh Amenhotep III in a seated position. The original function of the Colossi was to stand guard at the entrance to the Amenhotep�s mortuary temple where he was worshipped both before and after his departure from this world. Once the largest temples of ancient Egypt it is today almost completely disappeared except for the two statues. Both statues are quite damaged though, with the features above the waist virtually unrecognizable.



Philae Temples
 The island of Philae was the center of the cult of the goddess Isis. The first temple on the island was built by native pharaohs of the 30th dynasty. The temple construction continued over a three century period by the Greek Ptolemaic dynasty and the Roman rulers. The Roman Emperor Trajan built the Trajan�s Kiosk in 100 AD which probably served as a river entrance into the larger temple of Isis. In the 1960s the temple and other monuments on the island were transported to the island of Agilika by UNESCO to save it from being submerged by the rising waters of the Nile due to the construction of the Aswan High Dam. The island of Philae is now buried beneath Lake Nasser.



Temple of Edfu 
 The Temple of Edfu, dedicated to the falcon god Horus, is the second largest Egyptian temple after Karnak and one of the best preserved. The construction of this temple began in 237 BC during the reign of Ptolemy III, and completed almost two centuries later in 57 BC by Ptolemy XII, the father of the famous Cleopatra. This temple consists of traditional elements of Egyptian Temples of the New Kingdom, together with a few Greek elements such as the house of birth (the Mammisi).



Temple of Seti I 
 The Temple of Seti I is the mortuary temple of Pharaoh Seti I on the west bank of the Nile in Abydos. The ancient temple was constructed towards the end of the reign of Seti, and may have been completed by his son Ramesses the Great after his death in 1279 BC. The temple contains the Abydos King List. It is a chronological list of many dynastic pharaohs of Egypt from Menes, the Egyptian king credited with founding the First dynasty, until Ramesses I, Seti�s father.



Temple of Hatshepsut 
 The Mortuary temple of Hatshepsut, who ruled Egypt from around 1479 BC until her death in 1458 BC, is situated on the west bank of the Nile. It is a colonnaded structure, which was designed and implemented by Senemut, the royal architect of Hatshepsut, to serve for her posthumous worship and to honor the glory of Amun. The temple is built into a cliff face that rises sharply above it and consists of three layered terraces reaching 30 meters (97 ft ) in height. These terraces are connected by long ramps which were once surrounded by gardens.



Luxor Temple 
 
 
 The Luxor Temple is located on the east bank of the River Nile in the ancient city of Thebes and was founded in 1400 BC during the New Kingdom. The temple was dedicated to the three Egyptian gods Amun, Mut, and Chons. The temple was the center of the festival of Opet, Thebes� most important festival. During the annual festival the statues of the three Gods were escorted from the temple of Amun in Karnak to the temple of Luxor along the avenue of sphinxes that connect the 2 temples.



Abu Simbel 
 The twin temples of Abu Simbel were carved out of the mountainside during the reign of Pharaoh Ramesses The Great in the 13th century BC, as a lasting monument to himself and his queen Nefertari. The complex was relocated in its entirety in the 1960s to avoid their being submerged during the creation of Lake Nasser, the massive artificial water reservoir formed after the building of a dam on the Nile. Abu Simbel remains one of Egypt�s top tourist attractions.



Karnak
 Although badly ruined, few sites in Egypt are more impressive than Karnak. It is the largest ancient religious site in the world, and represents the combined achievement of many generations of Egyptian builders. The Temple of Karnak actually consists of three main temples, smaller enclosed temples, and several outer temples located about 2.5 kilometers north of Luxor. It took millennia to build and enhance the massive Karnak Temple. However, most of the work on Karnak was done by the pharaohs of the New Kingdom (1570-1100 BC). One of most famous structures of Karnak is the Hypostyle Hall, a hall area of 5,000 m2 (50,000 sq ft) with 134 massive columns arranged in 16 rows.

 

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